Chapter
22
Transmission
SUMMARY
The twenty-eight chapters of the Lotus Sutra are
divided in half; the first half is called shakumon, which reveals the
historical Sakyamuni Buddha, while the last half is called hon-mon, which
reveals the eternal nature of the Sakyamuni Buddha. Therefore, the disciples
that appeared in the first half are called "the disciples in
shaku-mon" while the disciples revealed in the last half are called
"the disciples in hon-mon."
In the previous chapter, Sakyamuni Buddha transmits the Lotus Sutra and assigns
the disciples in hon-mon the missionary works after his death. In this chapter,
the Buddha also transmits the sutra and assigns to the disciples in shaku-mon
the missionary works after the Buddha's death.
Nichiren Shonin had not realized that he was the rebirth of Bodhisattva Jogyo,
a disciple in hon-mon, until the Sado Exile. After the Tatsu-no-kuchi Execution
and the exile to Sado, he firmly believed that Sakyamuni Buddha transmitted the
Lotus Sutra to him. He says that those who chant Odaimoku are also the
disciples in hon-mon, so we must propagate the Odaimoku.
EXPLANATIONS
"Sakyamuni Buddha rose from the seat of the Dharma, and by his great supernatural powers, put his right hand on the heads of the innumerable Bodhisattva-mahasattvas, and said; "For many hundreds of thousands of billions of asamkhya of kalpas, I studied and practiced the Dharma difficult to obtain, and finally attained Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi. Now I will transmit the Dharma to you. Propagate it with all your heats, and make it known far and wide." (P.297, L.3.):
According to Hindu custom, to put one's hand on
someone's head is to entrust him or her. Sakyamuni Buddha entrusted all
Bodhisattvas who gathered to listen to the Dharma at the Sacred Eagle Mountain.
He put his hand on the heads of all Bodhisattvas to transmit the Lotus Sutra
and requested them to propagate it. He did it three times.
Abhiseka or kancho is a similar ceremony in India. When a king is installed on
his throne, his head is wetted with ocean water. Rev. Shokai Kanai also
performs a similar ceremony when a person is ready to convert to become a
Nichiren Shu member or when blessing a newborn baby.
"I will transmit the Dharma to you. Keep, read, recite and expound this sutra in which the Dharma is given and cause all living beings to hear it and know it!" (P.297, L. 14.):
The Buddha is warning that one must keep, read and recite the sutra before he or she can expound the sutra. One must keep up with these practices; otherwise people will not follow him or her.
"When you see anyone who does not receive this sutra by faith, you should show him some other profound teachings of mine, teach him, benefit him, and cause him to rejoice." (P.297, L.26.):
There are many people who do not listen to the profound teachings of the Lotus Sutra. The Buddha advises us to educate them by some other teachings of the Dharma, like the Laws of the Three Seals, Middle Way, the Four Noble Truths, and the Eightfold Paths. One must lead others with these step-by-step methods:
1. "To Show Him" means that if you show how to do it, he may wish to learn.
2. "To Teach Him" means that you explain, in detail, the meaning of the Dharma one by one.
3. "To Benefit Him" means that one will practice Dharma to show that it benefits him.
4. "To Cause Him to Rejoice" means to show that continuing to do the practice will bring joyfulness.
"We will do as you command. Certainly, World-Honored One! Do not worry!" (P.298, L.6.):
The shaku-mon Bodhisattvas respectfully and joyfully said these words three times simultaneously. Because the Buddha repeated his transmission of the Dharma to the Bodhisattvas three times, the Bodhisattvas also said these words three times. Three is an indivisible, sacred number. When you have a serious prayer, it may be better to repeat prayer three times.
"Thereupon Sakyamuni Buddha, wishing to send back to their home worlds the Buddhas of his replicas, who had come from the worlds of the ten quarters, said 'May the Buddhas be where they wish to be! May the pagoda of Many-Treasures Buddha be where it was!'" (P.298, L.11.):
Since Sakyamuni Buddha has finished his lecture on
the Lotus Sutra at this time, he requests all Buddhas to return to their own
home worlds in the ten quarters. He also requests to close the doors of the
pagoda of Many-Treasures Buddha who came to prove that this sutra is excellent
and all true. Also, this is the end of the assembly in the sky.
Similarly, Nichiren Shu priests quote part of the above sentence, "Wishing
to send back to their home worlds," at the end of prayers of ceremonies
such as Burning Religious Items and Closing-Eye of Gohonzon or family shrine.
In a sense they are "sending back the items to their home worlds"; to
wish the souls in those religious items to return to their original lands
and/or return to nature.
"Having heard these words of the Buddha, not only the innumerable Buddhas of his replicas, . . . the gods, men and asuras of the world, had great joy." (P.298, L. 16.):
It is quite joyful when we know that this world becomes the Buddha's pure land
when the minds of each one of us are the same with the Buddha's.
This chapter ends the logical explanations of the Lotus Sutra. We understand
the sutra logically, but it is hard for us to practice it in our daily lives.
Therefore, the Buddha prepared another six chapters for us to practice the
Dharma through the examples of previous lives of Bodhisattvas and explanations
of protection of deities.
~ Namu Myohorengekyo ~